Tirana, the bustling capital of Albania, has long been recognized as the center of Albanian tourism. Known for its vibrant present, Tirana also boasts significant cultural and historical values that captivate countless visitors each year. However, the city's rich past, dating back to its origins as a station on the ancient Egnatia Road, is often overshadowed. This road was one of the greatest monuments of ancient Rome, and Tirana has been a notable center since the first centuries of our era. Historical records show various names for the city, such as Tirkan in the 4th century AD, Tergiana in 1297 under the rule of Charles I Anjou, and Tyranna in 1505 as noted by the historian Barletius.
In this article, we explore the historical castles in the Tirana region, which are not only architectural marvels but also key attractions for tourists seeking to delve into Albania’s rich past.
Petrela Castle
Petrela Castle is a medieval fortress built during the Byzantine era. Positioned on a steep hill, it offers a panoramic view of Tirana and was strategically significant for Gjergj Kastrioti (Skanderbeg), Albania’s national hero, as it controlled one of the main arteries, the Egnatia Road. During Skanderbeg’s time, the castle was commanded by his sister, Mamica, who managed its operations with her family and guards.
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| Petrela Castle |
Today, Petrela Castle is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors throughout the week. It is praised by tourists for its historical significance and the breathtaking view of the capital it offers. The castle can be reached via the Tirana-Elbasan highway, just 17 kilometers from the center of Tirana, a 34-minute drive. The route to the castle winds through olive groves and new homes, culminating in the village center, where visitors must walk through rugged terrain to reach the fortress. The entrance is surrounded by typical medieval architecture, with houses harmoniously blending with cobblestone complexes and centuries-old olive trees leading the way to the castle’s ascent.
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| At the entrance of Petrela Castle |
Petrela Castle now hosts several service points such as restaurants, bars, cafes, and hotels, making it an attractive spot for both locals and international tourists. It has been declared a cultural monument.
Tirana Castle
Located in the heart of the capital, Tirana Castle, also known as the Fortress of Justinian, is a unique medieval structure where the main East-West and North-South roads once intersected, forming the heart of Tirana. Dating back to around 1300, the castle’s 6-meter-high walls are a relic of the Byzantine period.
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| Inside the Tirana Castle |
It is situated near Skanderbeg Square, the city’s central plaza, and the recently discovered foundations of its walls have been incorporated into the pedestrian area.
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| At the entrance of Tirana Castle |
The fortress has been open to visitors since December 2018 and offers a glimpse into the historical fabric of Tirana.
Preza Castle
The village of Preza is one of Tirana’s oldest settlements, known as the Phoenix City due to its cycles of destruction and reconstruction over centuries. Its existence dates back around 2000 years, marked by the construction of its castle. The area is characterized by greenery and clean air, with expansive views of Tirana and the Adriatic Sea from the castle’s peak. The climb reveals the overlapping vistas of Petrela, Kruja, and Rodoni castles, set against a backdrop of agricultural landscapes, fruit plantations, and olive groves.
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| Preza Castle by drone |
Preza Castle is 22 kilometers from Tirana, approximately a 40-minute drive, and is near the Mother Teresa International Airport. Though smaller than Petrela Castle, it has a rich history linked to the Topiaj feudal family and dates back to the 14th and 15th centuries. It is a protected cultural monument, offering traditional cuisine and services within its walls, alongside a large green area ideal for play or picnics.
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| Preza Castle |
According to local legend, Skanderbeg’s sister, Mamica, was married here in a grand wedding attended by many Albanian princes.
Conclusion
The castles in the Tirana region are not just historical structures; they are vibrant destinations that offer a blend of Albania’s past and present. Petrela, Tirana, and Preza castles are key highlights, each with unique stories and breathtaking views that enhance Tirana’s appeal as a cultural and historical tourism hotspot. Exploring these castles provides tourists with a deeper understanding of Albania’s rich heritage, making their visit to Tirana a truly enriching experience.